Unable to init_db in tutorial: Working outsite of application context

[Wishmaster69200]

I'm following the Flask tutorial https://flask.palletsprojects.com/en/2.2.x/tutorial/database/ but I'm stuck on initializing the database. I have __init__.py, db.py and schema.sql from the example code.

import sqlite3

import click
from flask import current_app
from flask import g

def get_db():
    """Connect to the application's configured database. The connection
    is unique for each request and will be reused if this is called
    again.
    """
    if "db" not in g:
        g.db = sqlite3.connect(
            current_app.config["DATABASE"], detect_types=sqlite3.PARSE_DECLTYPES
        )
        g.db.row_factory = sqlite3.Row

    return g.db

def close_db(e=None):
    """If this request connected to the database, close the
    connection.
    """
    db = g.pop("db", None)

    if db is not None:
        db.close()

def init_db():
    """Clear existing data and create new tables."""
    db = get_db()

    with current_app.open_resource("schema.sql") as f:
        db.executescript(f.read().decode("utf8"))

@click.command("init-db")
def init_db_command():
    """Clear existing data and create new tables."""
    init_db()
    click.echo("Initialized the database.")

def init_app(app):
    """Register database functions with the Flask app. This is called by
    the application factory.
    """
    app.teardown_appcontext(close_db)
    app.cli.add_command(init_db_command)`

When I run flask init-db with FLASK_APP and FLASK_ENV set, I get this error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/venv/bin/flask", line 11, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/venv/lib64/python3.6/site-packages/flask/cli.py", line 995, in main
    cli.main(args=sys.argv[1:])
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/venv/lib64/python3.6/site-packages/flask/cli.py", line 601, in main
    return super().main(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/venv/lib64/python3.6/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1053, in main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/venv/lib64/python3.6/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1659, in invoke
    return _process_result(sub_ctx.command.invoke(sub_ctx))
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/venv/lib64/python3.6/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1395, in invoke
    return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/venv/lib64/python3.6/site-packages/click/core.py", line 754, in invoke
    return __callback(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/flaskr/db.py", line 42, in init_db_command
    init_db()
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/flaskr/db.py", line 33, in init_db
    db = get_db()
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/flaskr/db.py", line 13, in get_db
    if "db" not in g:
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/venv/lib64/python3.6/site-packages/werkzeug/local.py", line 436, in __get__
    obj = instance._get_current_object()
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/venv/lib64/python3.6/site-packages/werkzeug/local.py", line 565, in _get_current_object
    return self.__local()  # type: ignore
  File "/home/MBABE47N/flask-tutorial/venv/lib64/python3.6/site-packages/flask/globals.py", line 40, in _lookup_app_object
    raise RuntimeError(_app_ctx_err_msg)
RuntimeError: Working outside of application context.`

[davidism]

Upgrade to Flask 2.2.

[jossefaz]

Why updating to 2.2 solved the issue ?